PurposeThe current literature contains many data associated with the cervical ligamentum flavum (CLF). The present study is to overview knowledge of CLF.MethodsComprehensive literature review was performed.ResultsTopics include anatomy, embryology, histology, radiology, clinical relevance, and pathological manifestations of the CLF, including ossification, calcification, and hypertrophy. Spine procedures always require extreme precision; spine surgeons and neurosurgeons encounter challenges that put patients' lives at risk.ConclusionThis study can assist clinicians in performing spinal interventions with the fewest possible complications. Because there have been few studies of the CLF, further investigation is suggested.