Weathering the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: Therapeutic Implications Article

Full Text via DOI: 10.1159/000509483 PMID: 32599589 Web of Science: 000570197700001
International Collaboration

Cited authors

  • Iannaccone, Giulia; Scacciavillani, Roberto; Del Buono, Marco Giuseppe; Camilli, Massimiliano; Ronco, Claudio; Lavie, Carl J.; Abbate, Antonio; Crea, Filippo; Massetti, Massimo; Aspromonte, Nadia

Abstract

  • Background:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recently emerged in Wuhan, Hubei-China, as responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and then spread rapidly worldwide. While most individuals remain asymptomatic or develop only mild symptoms, approximately 5% develop severe forms of COVID-19 characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple-organ failure (MOF) that usually require intensive-care support and often yield a poor prognosis.Summary:The pathophysiology of COVID-19 is far from being completely understood, and the lack of effective treatments leads to a sense of urgency to develop new therapeutic strategies based on pathophysiological assumptions. The exaggerated cytokine release in response to viral infection, a condition known as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or cytokine storm, is emerging as the mechanism leading to ARDS and MOF in COVID-19, thus endorsing the hypothesis that properly timed anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies could improve patients' clinical outcomes and prognosis.Key Messages:The objective of this article is to explore and comment on the potential role of the promising immunomodulatory therapies using pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to overcome the dysregulated proinflammatory response in COVID-19.

Publication date

  • 2020

Published in

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 1664-3828

Start page

  • 277

End page

  • 287

Volume

  • 10

Issue

  • 5